Coleoptera Order: Characteristics and Classification of Beetles
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This document provides information on the order Coleoptera (beetles and weevils). It describes their physical characteristics including having sheathed wings and chewing mouthparts. It outlines the 3 suborders - Polyphaga, Adephaga, and Archostemata - and discusses 12 superfamilies within Polyphaga. For each superfamily, 1-3 representative families are described. It also lists the 4 families within Adephaga and the 2 families of Archostemata. In summary, it comprehensively covers the taxonomy of beetles from order to family level including physical traits.
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Coleoptera Order: Characteristics and Classification of Beetles
- 1. Coleoptera Coleo – a sheath Ptera – wings Insects of this order have beetles & weevil.
- 4. Head Antennae is varies. Mouth parts are chewing type.
- 5. Thorax Fore wing are elytra. Hind wing are membranous .
- 7. Abdomen Abdomen are covered with elytron. But in some insects 2-3 abdominal segmented are naked.
- 8. 1) Suborder Polyphaga Notopleural suture is absent or incomplete. Wings are without 2m – cu cross veins. Distal part is not spirally coiled in repose.
- 9. 2) Suborder Adephaga Notopleural suture is present in prothorax. Hind coxae are immovably fixed to the meta sternum. Wings are usually with 2m – cu cross veins.
- 10. 3) Suborder Archostemata Notopleural suture is present in prothorax. Hind coxae are not immovably fixed to the metasternum. Wings are usually with 2m – cu cross veins. Distal part is spirally coiled in repose.
- 11. Super families of suborder polyphaga IT INCLUDE 12 SUPER FAMILY
- 12. 1) Super family Scrabaeoidea Antennae are 10 segmented. With 3 – 7 apical segments on one side to form lamellate club. Species is stout body.
- 13. Families of the super families scarabaeoidea
- 14. 1) Geotrupidae E.g. Dor Beetle Antennae are 11 segmented. Abdominal spiracles all are present in the pleural membranes.
- 15. 2) Family Scarabaeidae E.g. dung beetles, scarab beetle etc.. Antennae are 8 – 10 segmented. Abdominal spiracles some are present in the sternites.
- 16. 2) Super family Hydrophiloidea Antennae are short. First 3 – 5 segments glabrous. Next segments cup like. Last one strong pubescent club shape. Species is specially less stout. Habit most aquatic.
- 17. 1) Family Hydrophilidae E.g. water scavengers, haydrophilus piceus Large numbers truly aquatic.
- 18. 3) Super family Staphylinoidea Antennae last 3 segment forming compact club. Exoskeleton is very hard and shining. Elytra truncate. Last 2 abdominal segments are exposed.
- 19. 1) Family Silphidae E.g. carrion beetle and bunging beetle Elytra long. Last abdominal segments exposed. Abdomen is not usually mobile.
- 20. 2) Stephylinidae E.g. Rove beetle Elytra very short. Leaving many abdominal segments exposed. Abdomen usually mobile.
- 21. 4)Super family Histeriodea Antennae geniculate. Antennae last 3 segment forming compact club. Exoskeleton is hard, black and shining. Elytra truncture. Leaving 1-2 abdominal segments exposed.
- 22. 1) Family Histeridae E.g. Hister beetle Commonly found in dung and carrion. Having compact, hard and shining body. Small sized (0.5-10 mm) with geniculate or club antennae. Elytra Brown and black in color. Antennae and legs beneath the body.
- 23. 5) Super family Buprestoidea Antennae short and serrate. Tarsi with ventral lobes on segments 2-4. Abdominal tergites are all well sclerotized.
- 24. 1) Family Buprestidae E.g. cotton borer The single family buprestidae (metallic wood boring beetles) Adult have a scutellary streak on elytra. The well marked transverse suture on metastenum.
- 25. 6) Super family Elateroidea Antennae filiform. Tarsi with more then one segment adhesive lobes beneath. Abdominal tergites are weakly sclerotized. Hind coxae are almost always with complete femoral plates.
- 26. 1) Family Elateridae E.g. Click beetle Antennal socket are close to eyes. Femoral plates of hind coxae are broad throughout.
- 27. 7) Super family Cathariodea Antennae are filiform. Hind coxae are with femoral plates narrow incomplete or absent. 6 or 7 abdominal sternites are visible.
- 28. 1)Family Lampyridae E.g. firefly, glow – worm Luminous organ are present in one sex(male). Elytra are usually with epipleura anteriorly broad.
- 29. 2) Family Cantharidae E.g. Soldier beetle Luminous organ are absent. Elytra are narrow and with out epipleura.
- 30. 8) Super family Dermestoidea Antennae are not filiform. Hind coxae are more or less distinct femoral plates. 5 abdominal sternites are visible. Tarsi are 5 segmented. Prothorax is not hood like.
- 31. 1) Family Dermestidae E.g. dermestid beetle, khapra Mostly inhabit furs hides wool dried. Preserved Insects or other food material.
- 32. 9) Super family Bostrychoidea Prothorax is hood like. Ocelli are absent.
- 33. 1) Family Anobidae E.g. drugs store beetle, death watch beetle Antennae are usually 11 segmented, rarely clubbed. Hind coxae are contiguous.
- 34. 2) Family Bostrychidae E.g. twig beetle Antennae are usually less then 11 segmented, clubbed. Hind coxae are contiguous.
- 35. 3)Family Lyctidae E.g. powder post beetle Antennae are usually less then 11 segmented, clubbed. Hind coxae are separated.
- 36. 10) Super family Chrysomeloidea Ocelli are present. Head s not rostrate. Gular suture is distinct. Antennae are without club and not receive into a groove.
- 37. 1) Family Cerambycidae E.g. Longicorn beetle, long horned wood boring beetle. Antennae are at least two third long as whole body. Tibiae with 2 spurs and claws always simple.
- 38. 2) Family Bruchidae E.g. Dhora, seed beetle, pulse beetle Antennae are shorter. Claws are often split.
- 39. 3) Family Chrysomelidae E.g. leaf beetle, potato beetle, red pumpkin beetle Antennae are filiform fairly long. Tarsi 4 segmented. The 3rd segment is enlarged to form a large Kidney shaped pad.
- 40. 11) Super family Cucujoidea Head is not rostrate. Antennae are filiform or clubbed. Abdomen with 5 visible sternites.
- 41. 1) Family Rhizophagidae E.g. root eating beetle Antennae are clubbed (10 – 11 segments are fused). Elytra truncate and last abdominal tergites are uncovered.
- 42. 2) Family Cucujidae E.g. flat bark beetle Antennae are filiform. 1st tarsal segment is much shorter than 2nd .
- 43. 3) Family Coccinellidae E.g. lady bird beetle Head is partly concealed by pronotum. Tarsi is 4 segmented. 3rd segment concealed in the bilobed 2nd segment.
- 44. 4) Family Tenebrionidae E.g. Darkling beetle, Red flour beetle First 3 visible abdominal sternites are connate. Fore coxae are not projecting.
- 45. 5) Family Meloidae E.g. Blister beetle, Oil beetle Head is strongly deflexed, neck narrow. Tarsal claw is split and usually serrate.
- 46. 12) Super family Curculionoidea Head is more or less produced into a rostrum. Gular suture is nearly always confluent. Antennae are usually geniculate and clubbed. 1st segment retractable into a groove.
- 47. 1) Family Curculionidae E.g. Weevil, Rice weevil, Date palm weevil. Head is forming a snout. Antennae nearly always geniculate. Trochanter very rarely long.
- 48. Families of suborder Adephaga 4 FAMILIES
- 49. 1) Family Cicindelidae E.g. Tiger beetle Large sized terrestrial beetle. Clypeus is extended laterally in front of antennal insertion. Elytra are not regularly striate.
- 50. 2) Family Carabidae E.g. Carabid beetle, Ground beetle Clypeus is not extended laterally in front of antennal insertion. Elytra with striation. Terrestrial small sized insects.
- 51. 3) Family Dytiscidae E.g. True water beetle. Aquatic beetle. Compound eyes are not completely divided. Antennae are filiform.
- 52. 4) Family Gyrinidae E.g. Whirligig beetle Aquatic beetle. Compound eyes are completely divided into two. Antennae are short and thick.
- 53. Families of suborder Archostemata 2 FAMILIES
- 54. Family Cupedidae and Micromalthidae Only recorded from the central united states. Also introduced in Hawaii and South Africa.