Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287
Occurrence of Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828) (Chiroptera:
Furipteridae) in the state of Paraíba and an update of the distribution of the
species in Brazil
Edson Silva Barbosa Leal1,2,*, Felipe Francisco Gomes-Silva1, Thaís de Castro Lira3, João Gomes do Prado
Neto3 & Paulo de Barros Passos Filho2,4
1
Associação Instituto de Tecnologia de Pernambuco - ITEP/OS, Diretoria Executivo-Comercial (DEC),
Escritório de Projetos (EP), Gerência de Físico-Química e Biologia (GFQB), Laboratório de Ecologia e
Biodiversidade (LEcoBio). Av. Prof. Luiz Freire, 700 - Cidade Universitária, Bloco B, Sala 30. CEP:
50740-540. Recife, PE, Brasil.
2
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia (PPGE), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal
Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Campus Dois Irmãos. Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n. CEP 52171900. Recife, PE, Brazil.
3
Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE,
campus Cidade Universitária (Sede). Rua Nelson Chaves, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP. 50670-420,
Recife, PE, Brasil.
4
Instituto Fazenda Tamanduá, Km 12, BR 361, s/n, Zona Rural, Santa Terezinha, CEP 58720-000, Paraíba,
PB, Brasil.
* Corresponding author: edsonsbl@yahoo.com.br
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Manuscript history:
Submitted in 13/Nov/2014
Accepted in 10/Dec/2014
Available on line in 20/Dec/2014
Section editor: Ludmilla M.S. Aguiar
Abstract. This paper documents the first record of Furipterus horrens
(F. Cuvier 1828) from the state of Paraíba, in northeastern Brazil. A
female specimen was collected in a rock shelter located in a legal
reserve (614 ha) of Caatinga habitat. The morphometric data and
morphological characters were consistent with those recorded for the
species at other Brazilian sites. The present record increases to 67 the
total number of bats species known to occur in Paraíba, of which, 40
occur in the Caatinga, and 17 are so far restricted to this biome.
Keywords: Caatinga, smoky bat, updated compilation, new record,
Fazenda Tamanduá, tropical dry forest.
All Chiroptera Neotropical content can be freely accessed at http://chiropteraneotropical.net. ISSN 2317-6105 (online) | 1413-4403 (printed)
Introduction
The family Furipteridae Gray, 1866
encompasses two recent monospecific genera,
Furipterus Bonaparte, 1837 and Amorphochilus
W. Peters, 1877, which are endemic to the
Neotropics, from Central America to northern
South America (Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011). No
fossil records are known (Gardner 2008) and only
Furipterus occurs in Brazil (Gardner 2008).
Furipterids are small insectivorous bats with a
body weight of ca. 3-5 g. (Bredt & Uieda 1996;
Paglia et al. 2012), a delicate appearance,
relatively long wings and pelage, whose coloration
varies from brown or grayish chestnut to dark gray
(Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011), with slightly bluish
tones (Bredt & Uieda 1996). Such characteristc
contributes to the common name of “smoky bats”
(Slaughter & Walton 1970).
The most prominent characteristics of
furipterids are a) the greatly reduced thumbs,
which are involved by the wing membrane up to
the base of the vestigial nails, b) the presence of a
pair of lactiferous nipples in the abdominal region,
and c) a small, triangular tragus (Bredt & Uieda
1996; Gardner 2008). The abdominal position of
the nipples allows the infants to remain head-up
when clinging to the abdomen of the mother when
roosting upside-down, suspended by the feet
(Uieda et al. 1980).
The single Furipterus species, F. horrens (F.
Cuvier 1828), occurs in Colombia, Trinidad and
Tobago, Venezuela south of the Orinoco, the
Guyanas, Peru, and eastern Brazil (Gardner 2008;
Peracchi et al. 2011). These bats typically roost in
caves, tree-holes, and fallen trunks in different
stages of decomposition (Uieda et al. 1980), where
they form colonies of between three and 250
individuals (Bredt et al. 1998; Uieda et al. 1980).
The species is classified as “Least Concern” by the
IUCN (2012), and is not included in the Brazilian
Red List of endangered fauna (Chiarello et al.
2008).
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Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287
Furipterus horrens is the smallest bat species
found in Brazil (Reis et al. 2011), where it has
been recorded in the Amazon, Atlantic Forest,
Cerrado, and Caatinga biomes (Duda et al. 2012;
Paglia et al. 2012; Novaes et al. 2013). The
species has been recorded in 15 Brazilian states:
Amazonas (Sampaio et al. 2003), Pará (Piccnini
1974), Goiás (Coimbra et al. 1982), Distrito
Federal (Bredt et al. 1999), Tocantins (Sato et al.
2011), Piauí (Araújo et al. 1998), Ceará (Piccinini
1973), Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981), Sergipe
(Astúa & Guerra 2008), Bahia (Gervais 1856),
São Paulo (Trajano et al. 1985), Rio de Janeiro
(Pol et al. 2003), Minas Gerais (Tavares et al.
2010), Espírito Santo (Duda et al. 2012), and
Santa Catarina (Lima 1926).
Peracchi et al. (2010, 2011) concluded that F.
horrens probably occurs in Paraíba, based on its
occurrence in neighboring states in the Northeast
region of Brazil– Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981;
Bonato & Facure 2000; Sousa et al. 2004) and
Ceará (Piccinini 1973) – although it was not
recorded in the most recent inventories (Feijó &
Langguth 2011; Leal et al. 2013). In addition to
the lack of data from field surveys, no specimens
from Paraíba are found in any scientific collection
(Leal et al. 2013).
This study presents the first record of F.
horrens from Paraíba, which was obtained during
an inventory of bats at Fazenda Tamanduá, a farm
located in the rural municipality of Santa
Terezinha (7º01’31.23” S, 37º23’31.04” W), in the
state’s semiarid zone (Figure 1). The collection of
the specimen was authorized by SISBIO/IBAMA
under permit number 4028-1/28717, and it was
deposited in the Mammal Collection at the Federal
University of Pernambuco (UFPE) in Recife,
Brazil.
On April 24th, 2012 (dry season), a nonreproductive adult female F. horrens was captured
at Serra do Tamanduá (07º02’16.4” S, 37º24’22.9”
W) at an altitude of approximately 400 m (Figure
2C). The bat was collected with a mist-net (6 m x
2.5 m, with a 36 mm mesh) set at the entrance of a
small rock shelter (Figure 2D). The specimen
(Figure 2A and B) was collected and assigned
catalog number UFPE 2608: length of forearm
38.46 mm, length of head and body 32.96 mm,
length of ear 10.35 mm, length of tail 34.43 mm,
length of foot 6.75 mm, weight 8.0g.
The morphological characteristics of the
specimen are typical of the species, including its
small size, rounded, funnel-shaped ears, long, soft
pelage with slightly paler venter, tail extending a
little less than two-thirds the length of the
uropatagium and completely encased within it,
and the indistinct thumbs with vestigial nails
(Lima 1926; Vieira 1942; Gardner 2008). Body
measurements are also within the range described
for the species (e.g. Lima 1926; Vieira 1942;
Figure 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (blue circles), including the new record from the
Fazenda Tamanduá (red circle) in Paraíba.
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Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287
Figure 2. A and B: photograph of a non-reproductive adult female F. horrens (♀ UFPE 2608); C: Serra do
Tamanduá, located at Fazenda Tamanduá, in Paraíba, northeastern Brazil; D: entrance to the rock shelter in the Serra
do Tamanduá where the mist-net was set. Photograph by Paulo Barros de Passos Filho.
Husson 1978; Brosset & Charles-Dominique
1990; Simmons & Voss 1998; Reis & Gazarini
2007; Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011; Reis et al. 2013),
although the recorded weight of 8 g is well beyond
the upper limit of the range recorded for this
species (Bredt & Uieda 1996; Paglia et al. 2012).
All external measurements were taken using
caliper rule accurate to 0.001 mm, and body mass
was measured using a calibrated portable balance
(1 g scale).
The nearest previous record of F. horrens
(Figure 1) is 165 km away in the municipality of
Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Sousa et
al. 2004; Astúa & Guerra, 2008), followed by
Serrote das Lajes in Exu, Pernambuco, at a
distance of approximately 272 km (Mares et al.
1981), Fazenda Santa Fé, in Quixadá, Ceará, at a
distance of 293 Km (Astúa & Guerra 2008),
Fazenda Mundo Novo in Canindé do São
Francisco, Sergipe, at approximately 295 km
(Astúa & Guerra 2008), and around 331 km, to
Serra do Maranguape in the municipality of
Maranguape, Ceará (Piccinini 1973).
With the present record from the Fazenda
Tamanduá in Paraíba state, Furipterus horrens has
now been documented at 46 Brazilian localities
(Table 1, Figure 1). This record brings the total
number of bat species known to occur in Paraíba
to 67, of which, 61 are known from voucher
specimens deposited in scientific collections (Leal
et al. 2013). A total of 40 species are now known
to occur in the state’s Caatinga ecosystems, with
17 of them so far restricted to this biome (Leal et
al. 2013).
Acknowledgments
We are very grateful to Mr. Pierre Landolt,
president of the Instituto Fazenda Tamanduá, as
well as its current director, Mr. Jean Didier, for
permitting and supporting the present study. We
would also like to thank the Graduate Program in
Ecology at the Universidade Federal Rural de
Pernambuco (UFRPE) and CAPES for providing
the first author with a graduate stipend. We are
also grateful to Dr. Diego A. de Moraes, curator of
the UFPE mammal collection for accepting and
cataloging the specimen.
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Table 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil.
Locality
State
Biome
Coordinates
Reference
1
80 km north of
Manaus
Amazonas
Amazon
02°30’ S,
59°43’ W
Voss & Emmons
(1996)
2
Near ZF2 road,
outside the BDFFP
Amazonas
Amazon
02º24’ S, 2º 25’
W
Sampaio et al.
(2003)
3
Taperinha,
Santarém
Pará
Amazon
4
Manaus
Amazonas
Amazon
5
Serra do
Maranguape,
Maranguape
Ceará
Caatinga
6
Itapipoca
Ceará
Atlantic
Forest
7
Irauçuba
Ceará
Caatinga
Ceará
Caatinga
03°48’ S,
40°42’ W
Uieda et al. (1980)
Ceará
Caatinga
03°48’ S,
40°42’ W
Uieda et al. (1980)
8
9
Ubajara Cave,
Ubajara National
Park, Ubajara
Araticum Cave,
Vila do Araticum,
Serra da Ibiapaba
02°32’ S,
54°17’ W
03°06’ S,
60°00’ W
3º49’38” and
4º45’10” S;
38º24’48” and
39º7’5” W
03°29’ S,
39°34’ W
03°44’ S,
39°47’ W
3° 51’ S, 40°
55’ W
04°58’ S,
39°01’ W
10
Ubajara
Ceará
Caatinga
11
Fazenda Santa Fé,
Quixadá
Ceará
Caatinga
12
Furna dos Ossos
Ecological Park,
Tejuçuoca
Ceará
Caatinga
03º59’ S, 39º34’
W
13
Serra das Almas,
Crateús
Ceará
Caatinga
05°10’ S,
40°40’ W
1285
Piccinini (1974)
Piccinini (1974)
Piccinini (1973)
Piccinini (1974)
Fabián (2008)
Fábian (2008)
Ástua & Guerra
(2008)
Mammal
Collection at
Universidade
Federal de
Pernambuco
Silva et al. (2004)
Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287
Table 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (cont…).
Seq.
Locality
State
Biome
Coordinates
Reference
14
Fazenda Tamanduá,
Serra do Tamanduá
Paraíba
Caatinga
7º01’31.23” S,
37º23’31.04”
W
Present study
15
Carajás National
Forest
Pará
Amazon
06°04’ S,
50°13’ W
Tavares et al.
(2012)
Pernambuco
Caatinga
07°30’ S,
39°42’ W
Mares et al.
(1981)
Pernambuco
Caatinga
08º08’01” S,
36º17’48” W
Astúa & Guerra
(2008)
Pernambuco
Caatinga
16
17
18
Serrote das Lajes 17
Km and 17.7 Km
Southern Exu
Pedra do Caboclo,
Barra de Farias,
Brejo da Madre de
Deus
Brejo da Madre de
Deus
08°08’ S,
36°22’ W
08°39’ S,
35°09’ W
Bonato & Facure
(2000)
Sousa et al. 2004
19
Rio Formoso
Pernambuco
Atlantic
Forest
20
Olho D’água da
Santa, Guaribas,
Serra das Confusões
National Park
Piauí
Caatinga
09°13’ S,
43°29’ W
Gregorin et al.
(2008)
21
Serra da Capivara
National Park, São
Raimundo Nonato
Piauí
Caatinga
08º30’ S, 42º
20’ W
Araújo et al.
(1998)
Sergipe
Caatinga
09°38’ S,
37°47’ W
Ástua & Guerra
(2008)
Tocantins
Cerrado
Tocantins
Cerrado
22
23
24
Fazenda Mundo
Novo, Canindé do
São Francisco
Cavidade Calcária,
Arraias
Aurora do
Tocantins
25
Salvador, Bahia
Bahia
26
Southern Bahia
Bahia
27
28
29
Mambaí Cave,
Mambaí
Judite Cave, Área
de Proteção
Ambiental
Nascentes Rio
Vermelho
Toca da Gameleira,
Fazenda Pontal dos
Angicos, Padre
Bernardo
Atlantic
Forest
Atlantic
Forest
12º 55’ S, 46º
44’ W
12°34’ S,
46°30’ W
12º59’ S,
38º01’ W
15°30'11" S,
39°25'13" W
14°29’ S,
46°06’ W
Sato et al. (2011)
Novaes et al.
(2013)
Gervais (1856)
Faria et al. (2006)
Coimbra et al.
(1982)
Goiás
Cerrado
Goiás
Cerrado
14°24’ S,
46°11’ W
Esbérard et al.
(2005)
Goiás
Cerrado
15º 29’ S, 48º
03’ W
Bredt et al. (1999)
1286
Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287
30
Água Rasa Cave,
Fazenda Grotão SF,
Planaltina
Goiás
Cerrado
15º 32’ S, 47º
44’ W
Bredt et al. (1999)
Table 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (cont…).
Seq.
Locality
State
Biome
Coordinates
31
Mogi Cave,
Fazenda Recreio
Mogi, Sobradinho
Goiás
Cerrado
15º 33’ S, 47º 49’
W
Bredt et al.
(1999)
32
Muralha Cave,
Fazenda Palestina,
Brazilândia
Goiás
Cerrado
15º 30’ S, 48º 09’
W
Bredt et al.
(1999)
33
PNM Caves of
Peruaçú
Minas Gerais
Cerrado
34
Rural area
Distrito Federal
Cerrado
35
FLONA Rio Preto
Espírito Santo
Atlantic
Forest
15°05’ S, 44°15’
W
15°44’ S, 47°57’
W
18°21’ S, 39°50’
W
Tavares et al.
(2010)
Bredt & Uieda
(1996)
Duda et al.
(2012)
Rio de Janeiro
Atlantic
Forest
23°17’ S, 44°31’
W
Pol et al. (2003)
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º 20’ S, 48º 25’
W
Fenton et al.
(2000)
36
37
Sumaca Beach,
Área de Proteção
Ambiental Cairuçu,
Parati
Fazenda Intervales,
Serra de
Paranapiacaba,
Capão Bonito
Reference
38
Intervales State
Park, Rio Grande
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24°16’ S, 48°24’
W
Portfors et al.
(2000); Passos
et al. (2003)
39
Ouro Grosso Cave,
Bairro da Serra,
PETAR, Iporanga
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º 33’ S, 4Sº 41’
W
Trajano (1985)
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º31’ S, 48º42'
W
Trajano (1985)
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º32’ S, 48º 43’
W
Trajano (1985)
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º 34’ S, 48º40’
W
Trajano (1985)
42
Mine I, abandoned,
Jaguatirica sector,
Bairro da Serra,
PETAR, Iporanga
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24º34’ S, 48º42’
W
Trajano (1985)
44
PETAR, Iporanga
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24°35’ S, 48°37’
W
Trajano (1985)
45
Ecological Station
Juréia-Itatins
São Paulo
Atlantic
Forest
24°40’ S, 47°21’
W
Gimenez &
Ferrarezi (2004)
40
41
42
Água Suja Cave,
Furnas sector,
PETAR, Iporanga
Grilo Cave, Furnas
sector, PETAR,
Iporanga
Águas Quentes
Cave, Bairro da
Serra, PETAR,
Iporanga
1287
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46
Hansa Colony (now
Corupá), near
Joinville
Santa Catarina
Atlantic
Forest
1288
26°21’ S, 48°29’
W
Lima (1926),
Cherem et al.
(2004)