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Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 Occurrence of Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828) (Chiroptera: Furipteridae) in the state of Paraíba and an update of the distribution of the species in Brazil Edson Silva Barbosa Leal1,2,*, Felipe Francisco Gomes-Silva1, Thaís de Castro Lira3, João Gomes do Prado Neto3 & Paulo de Barros Passos Filho2,4 1 Associação Instituto de Tecnologia de Pernambuco - ITEP/OS, Diretoria Executivo-Comercial (DEC), Escritório de Projetos (EP), Gerência de Físico-Química e Biologia (GFQB), Laboratório de Ecologia e Biodiversidade (LEcoBio). Av. Prof. Luiz Freire, 700 - Cidade Universitária, Bloco B, Sala 30. CEP: 50740-540. Recife, PE, Brasil. 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia (PPGE), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Campus Dois Irmãos. Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n. CEP 52171900. Recife, PE, Brazil. 3 Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE, campus Cidade Universitária (Sede). Rua Nelson Chaves, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP. 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brasil. 4 Instituto Fazenda Tamanduá, Km 12, BR 361, s/n, Zona Rural, Santa Terezinha, CEP 58720-000, Paraíba, PB, Brasil. * Corresponding author: edsonsbl@yahoo.com.br SHORT COMMUNICATION Manuscript history: Submitted in 13/Nov/2014 Accepted in 10/Dec/2014 Available on line in 20/Dec/2014 Section editor: Ludmilla M.S. Aguiar Abstract. This paper documents the first record of Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier 1828) from the state of Paraíba, in northeastern Brazil. A female specimen was collected in a rock shelter located in a legal reserve (614 ha) of Caatinga habitat. The morphometric data and morphological characters were consistent with those recorded for the species at other Brazilian sites. The present record increases to 67 the total number of bats species known to occur in Paraíba, of which, 40 occur in the Caatinga, and 17 are so far restricted to this biome. Keywords: Caatinga, smoky bat, updated compilation, new record, Fazenda Tamanduá, tropical dry forest. All Chiroptera Neotropical content can be freely accessed at http://chiropteraneotropical.net. ISSN 2317-6105 (online) | 1413-4403 (printed) Introduction The family Furipteridae Gray, 1866 encompasses two recent monospecific genera, Furipterus Bonaparte, 1837 and Amorphochilus W. Peters, 1877, which are endemic to the Neotropics, from Central America to northern South America (Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011). No fossil records are known (Gardner 2008) and only Furipterus occurs in Brazil (Gardner 2008). Furipterids are small insectivorous bats with a body weight of ca. 3-5 g. (Bredt & Uieda 1996; Paglia et al. 2012), a delicate appearance, relatively long wings and pelage, whose coloration varies from brown or grayish chestnut to dark gray (Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011), with slightly bluish tones (Bredt & Uieda 1996). Such characteristc contributes to the common name of “smoky bats” (Slaughter & Walton 1970). The most prominent characteristics of furipterids are a) the greatly reduced thumbs, which are involved by the wing membrane up to the base of the vestigial nails, b) the presence of a pair of lactiferous nipples in the abdominal region, and c) a small, triangular tragus (Bredt & Uieda 1996; Gardner 2008). The abdominal position of the nipples allows the infants to remain head-up when clinging to the abdomen of the mother when roosting upside-down, suspended by the feet (Uieda et al. 1980). The single Furipterus species, F. horrens (F. Cuvier 1828), occurs in Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela south of the Orinoco, the Guyanas, Peru, and eastern Brazil (Gardner 2008; Peracchi et al. 2011). These bats typically roost in caves, tree-holes, and fallen trunks in different stages of decomposition (Uieda et al. 1980), where they form colonies of between three and 250 individuals (Bredt et al. 1998; Uieda et al. 1980). The species is classified as “Least Concern” by the IUCN (2012), and is not included in the Brazilian Red List of endangered fauna (Chiarello et al. 2008). 1280 Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 Furipterus horrens is the smallest bat species found in Brazil (Reis et al. 2011), where it has been recorded in the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Caatinga biomes (Duda et al. 2012; Paglia et al. 2012; Novaes et al. 2013). The species has been recorded in 15 Brazilian states: Amazonas (Sampaio et al. 2003), Pará (Piccnini 1974), Goiás (Coimbra et al. 1982), Distrito Federal (Bredt et al. 1999), Tocantins (Sato et al. 2011), Piauí (Araújo et al. 1998), Ceará (Piccinini 1973), Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981), Sergipe (Astúa & Guerra 2008), Bahia (Gervais 1856), São Paulo (Trajano et al. 1985), Rio de Janeiro (Pol et al. 2003), Minas Gerais (Tavares et al. 2010), Espírito Santo (Duda et al. 2012), and Santa Catarina (Lima 1926). Peracchi et al. (2010, 2011) concluded that F. horrens probably occurs in Paraíba, based on its occurrence in neighboring states in the Northeast region of Brazil– Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981; Bonato & Facure 2000; Sousa et al. 2004) and Ceará (Piccinini 1973) – although it was not recorded in the most recent inventories (Feijó & Langguth 2011; Leal et al. 2013). In addition to the lack of data from field surveys, no specimens from Paraíba are found in any scientific collection (Leal et al. 2013). This study presents the first record of F. horrens from Paraíba, which was obtained during an inventory of bats at Fazenda Tamanduá, a farm located in the rural municipality of Santa Terezinha (7º01’31.23” S, 37º23’31.04” W), in the state’s semiarid zone (Figure 1). The collection of the specimen was authorized by SISBIO/IBAMA under permit number 4028-1/28717, and it was deposited in the Mammal Collection at the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) in Recife, Brazil. On April 24th, 2012 (dry season), a nonreproductive adult female F. horrens was captured at Serra do Tamanduá (07º02’16.4” S, 37º24’22.9” W) at an altitude of approximately 400 m (Figure 2C). The bat was collected with a mist-net (6 m x 2.5 m, with a 36 mm mesh) set at the entrance of a small rock shelter (Figure 2D). The specimen (Figure 2A and B) was collected and assigned catalog number UFPE 2608: length of forearm 38.46 mm, length of head and body 32.96 mm, length of ear 10.35 mm, length of tail 34.43 mm, length of foot 6.75 mm, weight 8.0g. The morphological characteristics of the specimen are typical of the species, including its small size, rounded, funnel-shaped ears, long, soft pelage with slightly paler venter, tail extending a little less than two-thirds the length of the uropatagium and completely encased within it, and the indistinct thumbs with vestigial nails (Lima 1926; Vieira 1942; Gardner 2008). Body measurements are also within the range described for the species (e.g. Lima 1926; Vieira 1942; Figure 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (blue circles), including the new record from the Fazenda Tamanduá (red circle) in Paraíba. 1281 Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 Figure 2. A and B: photograph of a non-reproductive adult female F. horrens (♀ UFPE 2608); C: Serra do Tamanduá, located at Fazenda Tamanduá, in Paraíba, northeastern Brazil; D: entrance to the rock shelter in the Serra do Tamanduá where the mist-net was set. Photograph by Paulo Barros de Passos Filho. Husson 1978; Brosset & Charles-Dominique 1990; Simmons & Voss 1998; Reis & Gazarini 2007; Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011; Reis et al. 2013), although the recorded weight of 8 g is well beyond the upper limit of the range recorded for this species (Bredt & Uieda 1996; Paglia et al. 2012). All external measurements were taken using caliper rule accurate to 0.001 mm, and body mass was measured using a calibrated portable balance (1 g scale). The nearest previous record of F. horrens (Figure 1) is 165 km away in the municipality of Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Sousa et al. 2004; Astúa & Guerra, 2008), followed by Serrote das Lajes in Exu, Pernambuco, at a distance of approximately 272 km (Mares et al. 1981), Fazenda Santa Fé, in Quixadá, Ceará, at a distance of 293 Km (Astúa & Guerra 2008), Fazenda Mundo Novo in Canindé do São Francisco, Sergipe, at approximately 295 km (Astúa & Guerra 2008), and around 331 km, to Serra do Maranguape in the municipality of Maranguape, Ceará (Piccinini 1973). With the present record from the Fazenda Tamanduá in Paraíba state, Furipterus horrens has now been documented at 46 Brazilian localities (Table 1, Figure 1). This record brings the total number of bat species known to occur in Paraíba to 67, of which, 61 are known from voucher specimens deposited in scientific collections (Leal et al. 2013). A total of 40 species are now known to occur in the state’s Caatinga ecosystems, with 17 of them so far restricted to this biome (Leal et al. 2013). Acknowledgments We are very grateful to Mr. Pierre Landolt, president of the Instituto Fazenda Tamanduá, as well as its current director, Mr. Jean Didier, for permitting and supporting the present study. We would also like to thank the Graduate Program in Ecology at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE) and CAPES for providing the first author with a graduate stipend. We are also grateful to Dr. Diego A. de Moraes, curator of the UFPE mammal collection for accepting and cataloging the specimen. References Araújo A.J.G.; Pessis A.M.; Guérin C.; Dias C.M.M.; Alves C.; Salvia E.S.; Olmos F.; Parenti F.; Felice G.D.; Pellerin J.; Emperaire L.; Chame M.; Lage M.C.S.M.; Faure M.; Guidon N.; Medeiros R.P. & Simões P.R.G. 1998. Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brasil. FUMDHAM, São Raimundo Nonato. 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Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil. Locality State Biome Coordinates Reference 1 80 km north of Manaus Amazonas Amazon 02°30’ S, 59°43’ W Voss & Emmons (1996) 2 Near ZF2 road, outside the BDFFP Amazonas Amazon 02º24’ S, 2º 25’ W Sampaio et al. (2003) 3 Taperinha, Santarém Pará Amazon 4 Manaus Amazonas Amazon 5 Serra do Maranguape, Maranguape Ceará Caatinga 6 Itapipoca Ceará Atlantic Forest 7 Irauçuba Ceará Caatinga Ceará Caatinga 03°48’ S, 40°42’ W Uieda et al. (1980) Ceará Caatinga 03°48’ S, 40°42’ W Uieda et al. (1980) 8 9 Ubajara Cave, Ubajara National Park, Ubajara Araticum Cave, Vila do Araticum, Serra da Ibiapaba 02°32’ S, 54°17’ W 03°06’ S, 60°00’ W 3º49’38” and 4º45’10” S; 38º24’48” and 39º7’5” W 03°29’ S, 39°34’ W 03°44’ S, 39°47’ W 3° 51’ S, 40° 55’ W 04°58’ S, 39°01’ W 10 Ubajara Ceará Caatinga 11 Fazenda Santa Fé, Quixadá Ceará Caatinga 12 Furna dos Ossos Ecological Park, Tejuçuoca Ceará Caatinga 03º59’ S, 39º34’ W 13 Serra das Almas, Crateús Ceará Caatinga 05°10’ S, 40°40’ W 1285 Piccinini (1974) Piccinini (1974) Piccinini (1973) Piccinini (1974) Fabián (2008) Fábian (2008) Ástua & Guerra (2008) Mammal Collection at Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Silva et al. (2004) Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 Table 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (cont…). Seq. Locality State Biome Coordinates Reference 14 Fazenda Tamanduá, Serra do Tamanduá Paraíba Caatinga 7º01’31.23” S, 37º23’31.04” W Present study 15 Carajás National Forest Pará Amazon 06°04’ S, 50°13’ W Tavares et al. (2012) Pernambuco Caatinga 07°30’ S, 39°42’ W Mares et al. (1981) Pernambuco Caatinga 08º08’01” S, 36º17’48” W Astúa & Guerra (2008) Pernambuco Caatinga 16 17 18 Serrote das Lajes 17 Km and 17.7 Km Southern Exu Pedra do Caboclo, Barra de Farias, Brejo da Madre de Deus Brejo da Madre de Deus 08°08’ S, 36°22’ W 08°39’ S, 35°09’ W Bonato & Facure (2000) Sousa et al. 2004 19 Rio Formoso Pernambuco Atlantic Forest 20 Olho D’água da Santa, Guaribas, Serra das Confusões National Park Piauí Caatinga 09°13’ S, 43°29’ W Gregorin et al. (2008) 21 Serra da Capivara National Park, São Raimundo Nonato Piauí Caatinga 08º30’ S, 42º 20’ W Araújo et al. (1998) Sergipe Caatinga 09°38’ S, 37°47’ W Ástua & Guerra (2008) Tocantins Cerrado Tocantins Cerrado 22 23 24 Fazenda Mundo Novo, Canindé do São Francisco Cavidade Calcária, Arraias Aurora do Tocantins 25 Salvador, Bahia Bahia 26 Southern Bahia Bahia 27 28 29 Mambaí Cave, Mambaí Judite Cave, Área de Proteção Ambiental Nascentes Rio Vermelho Toca da Gameleira, Fazenda Pontal dos Angicos, Padre Bernardo Atlantic Forest Atlantic Forest 12º 55’ S, 46º 44’ W 12°34’ S, 46°30’ W 12º59’ S, 38º01’ W 15°30'11" S, 39°25'13" W 14°29’ S, 46°06’ W Sato et al. (2011) Novaes et al. (2013) Gervais (1856) Faria et al. (2006) Coimbra et al. (1982) Goiás Cerrado Goiás Cerrado 14°24’ S, 46°11’ W Esbérard et al. (2005) Goiás Cerrado 15º 29’ S, 48º 03’ W Bredt et al. (1999) 1286 Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 30 Água Rasa Cave, Fazenda Grotão SF, Planaltina Goiás Cerrado 15º 32’ S, 47º 44’ W Bredt et al. (1999) Table 1. Collecting localities of Furipterus horrens in Brazil (cont…). Seq. Locality State Biome Coordinates 31 Mogi Cave, Fazenda Recreio Mogi, Sobradinho Goiás Cerrado 15º 33’ S, 47º 49’ W Bredt et al. (1999) 32 Muralha Cave, Fazenda Palestina, Brazilândia Goiás Cerrado 15º 30’ S, 48º 09’ W Bredt et al. (1999) 33 PNM Caves of Peruaçú Minas Gerais Cerrado 34 Rural area Distrito Federal Cerrado 35 FLONA Rio Preto Espírito Santo Atlantic Forest 15°05’ S, 44°15’ W 15°44’ S, 47°57’ W 18°21’ S, 39°50’ W Tavares et al. (2010) Bredt & Uieda (1996) Duda et al. (2012) Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest 23°17’ S, 44°31’ W Pol et al. (2003) São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º 20’ S, 48º 25’ W Fenton et al. (2000) 36 37 Sumaca Beach, Área de Proteção Ambiental Cairuçu, Parati Fazenda Intervales, Serra de Paranapiacaba, Capão Bonito Reference 38 Intervales State Park, Rio Grande São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24°16’ S, 48°24’ W Portfors et al. (2000); Passos et al. (2003) 39 Ouro Grosso Cave, Bairro da Serra, PETAR, Iporanga São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º 33’ S, 4Sº 41’ W Trajano (1985) São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º31’ S, 48º42' W Trajano (1985) São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º32’ S, 48º 43’ W Trajano (1985) São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º 34’ S, 48º40’ W Trajano (1985) 42 Mine I, abandoned, Jaguatirica sector, Bairro da Serra, PETAR, Iporanga São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24º34’ S, 48º42’ W Trajano (1985) 44 PETAR, Iporanga São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24°35’ S, 48°37’ W Trajano (1985) 45 Ecological Station Juréia-Itatins São Paulo Atlantic Forest 24°40’ S, 47°21’ W Gimenez & Ferrarezi (2004) 40 41 42 Água Suja Cave, Furnas sector, PETAR, Iporanga Grilo Cave, Furnas sector, PETAR, Iporanga Águas Quentes Cave, Bairro da Serra, PETAR, Iporanga 1287 Leal et al. | Chiroptera Neotropical 2014 - 20(2): 1280-1287 46 Hansa Colony (now Corupá), near Joinville Santa Catarina Atlantic Forest 1288 26°21’ S, 48°29’ W Lima (1926), Cherem et al. (2004)