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Structure and Evolution of Mouthparts in Coleoptera

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Insect Mouthparts

Part of the book series: Zoological Monographs ((ZM,volume 5))

Abstract

An unusually broad food spectrum has likely played an important role in the enormous diversification of Coleoptera (ca. 400,000 spp.). Nevertheless, the structure and configuration of the mouthparts are mostly conservative. Archostemata, often addressed as ancestral, are characterized by a trend towards limited food uptake in the adult stage, whereas the larval mouthparts are suitable for burrowing in wood. Adephaga are predacious as adults and larvae with few exceptions, with more or less advanced preoral digestion. Adults and larvae of Myxophaga feed on algae, and Polyphaga are primarily saprophagous. The ancestral adult feeding apparatus in Myxophaga and different groups of Polyphaga is characterized by large mandibular molae and epi- and hypopharyngeal bulges with microtrichia, a configuration suitable for processing soft and decaying plant tissues and also small particles. Polyphaga have evolved a broad spectrum of food preferences, with different modifications in immatures of carnivorous groups or groups specialized on faeces or fresh plant materials. Mouthparts as they are found in Myxophaga and basal groups of Polyphaga likely belong to the groundplan of Coleoptera. The major burst of diversification in Polyphaga was linked with the shift to feeding on fresh plant materials.

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  1. Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, FSU Jena, Jena, Germany

    Rolf Georg Beutel

  2. Department of Biology II LMU München, Functional Morphology Group, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany

    Margarita Yavorskaya

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  1. Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Harald W. Krenn

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Beutel, R.G., Yavorskaya, M. (2019). Structure and Evolution of Mouthparts in Coleoptera. In: Krenn, H. (eds) Insect Mouthparts. Zoological Monographs, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29654-4_12

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